Antihypertensive Medications Inducing Salivary Gland Dysfunction and Xerostomia: A Narrative Review

Lecor Papa Abdou; Kwedi Karl Grégoire; Diatta Mamadou; Dieng Seynabou; Tamba Babacar; Dia Tine Soukéye

doi:doi:10.11648/j.aap.20230802.12

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Antihypertensive Medications Inducing Salivary Gland Dysfunction and Xerostomia: A Narrative Review

Lecor Papa Abdou, Kwedi Karl Grégoire, Diatta Mamadou, Dieng Seynabou, Tamba Babacar, Dia Tine Soukéye

Published in Advances in Applied Physiology (Volume 8, Issue 2)

Received: 10 September 2023 Accepted: 4 October 2023 Published: 14 October 2023

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to review the literature on the relationship between antihypertensive drugs and reduced salivary flow (hyposalivation) and the sensation of dry mouth (xerostomia). An exhaustive search of the literature was carried out, with no prior date limit until 31 August 2022, on PubMed, Google scholar and the Cochrane Library. The search terms were: saliva, xerostomia, hyposalivation OR salivary flow AND hypertension, antihypertensive drug, OR antihypertensive drugs. The overall prevalence of xerostomia in this population of hypertensive patients on pharmacological treatment was 21.1%. For the relationship between antihypertensive drugs and salivary secretion, the type of antihypertensive studied in the literature included β-adrenergic blockers, diuretics, α-adrenergic blockers, calcium channel blockers and cardiac glycosides. In some studies, the type of antihypertensive was not available. Many studies measured unstimulated salivary flow to assess hyposalivation. Three studies showed a non-significant increase in unstimulated salivary flow after treatment with β-adrenergic blockers or angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. One study found a statistically significant decrease in unstimulated salivary flow in normotensives treated with propranolol and phentolamine, which are both non-selective β-blockers. Two studies showed no significant decrease in unstimulated salivary flow after treatment with diuretics. For stimulated salivary flow, one study had no significant changes in patients treated with captopril (ACE inhibitor) and two others had a significant decrease after treatment with furosemide and bendroflumethiazide (two diuretics). A single study shows that the percentage of patients with hyposalivation was significantly higher in hypertensive patients treated with ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, β-adrenergic blockers, and diuretics. Future studies are needed and may help to understand which antihypertensive is most appropriate for patients to avoid reduced salivary flow and dry mouth.

Published in	Advances in Applied Physiology (Volume 8, Issue 2)
DOI	10.11648/j.aap.20230802.12
Page(s)	40-46
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Arterial Hypertension, Antihypertensives, Salivary Gland, Dysfunction, Salivary Flow, Xerostomia, Hyposalivation

References

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Lecor Papa Abdou, Kwedi Karl Grégoire, Diatta Mamadou, Dieng Seynabou, Tamba Babacar, et al. (2023). Antihypertensive Medications Inducing Salivary Gland Dysfunction and Xerostomia: A Narrative Review. Advances in Applied Physiology, 8(2), 40-46. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aap.20230802.12

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ACS Style

Lecor Papa Abdou; Kwedi Karl Grégoire; Diatta Mamadou; Dieng Seynabou; Tamba Babacar, et al. Antihypertensive Medications Inducing Salivary Gland Dysfunction and Xerostomia: A Narrative Review. Adv. Appl. Physiol. 2023, 8(2), 40-46. doi: 10.11648/j.aap.20230802.12

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AMA Style

Lecor Papa Abdou, Kwedi Karl Grégoire, Diatta Mamadou, Dieng Seynabou, Tamba Babacar, et al. Antihypertensive Medications Inducing Salivary Gland Dysfunction and Xerostomia: A Narrative Review. Adv Appl Physiol. 2023;8(2):40-46. doi: 10.11648/j.aap.20230802.12

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@article{10.11648/j.aap.20230802.12,
  author = {Lecor Papa Abdou and Kwedi Karl Grégoire and Diatta Mamadou and Dieng Seynabou and Tamba Babacar and Dia Tine Soukéye},
  title = {Antihypertensive Medications Inducing Salivary Gland Dysfunction and Xerostomia: A Narrative Review},
  journal = {Advances in Applied Physiology},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {40-46},
  doi = {10.11648/j.aap.20230802.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aap.20230802.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aap.20230802.12},
  abstract = {The aim of this study was to review the literature on the relationship between antihypertensive drugs and reduced salivary flow (hyposalivation) and the sensation of dry mouth (xerostomia). An exhaustive search of the literature was carried out, with no prior date limit until 31 August 2022, on PubMed, Google scholar and the Cochrane Library. The search terms were: saliva, xerostomia, hyposalivation OR salivary flow AND hypertension, antihypertensive drug, OR antihypertensive drugs. The overall prevalence of xerostomia in this population of hypertensive patients on pharmacological treatment was 21.1%. For the relationship between antihypertensive drugs and salivary secretion, the type of antihypertensive studied in the literature included β-adrenergic blockers, diuretics, α-adrenergic blockers, calcium channel blockers and cardiac glycosides. In some studies, the type of antihypertensive was not available. Many studies measured unstimulated salivary flow to assess hyposalivation. Three studies showed a non-significant increase in unstimulated salivary flow after treatment with β-adrenergic blockers or angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. One study found a statistically significant decrease in unstimulated salivary flow in normotensives treated with propranolol and phentolamine, which are both non-selective β-blockers. Two studies showed no significant decrease in unstimulated salivary flow after treatment with diuretics. For stimulated salivary flow, one study had no significant changes in patients treated with captopril (ACE inhibitor) and two others had a significant decrease after treatment with furosemide and bendroflumethiazide (two diuretics). A single study shows that the percentage of patients with hyposalivation was significantly higher in hypertensive patients treated with ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, β-adrenergic blockers, and diuretics. Future studies are needed and may help to understand which antihypertensive is most appropriate for patients to avoid reduced salivary flow and dry mouth.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Antihypertensive Medications Inducing Salivary Gland Dysfunction and Xerostomia: A Narrative Review
AU  - Lecor Papa Abdou
AU  - Kwedi Karl Grégoire
AU  - Diatta Mamadou
AU  - Dieng Seynabou
AU  - Tamba Babacar
AU  - Dia Tine Soukéye
Y1  - 2023/10/14
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aap.20230802.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.aap.20230802.12
T2  - Advances in Applied Physiology
JF  - Advances in Applied Physiology
JO  - Advances in Applied Physiology
SP  - 40
EP  - 46
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2471-9714
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aap.20230802.12
AB  - The aim of this study was to review the literature on the relationship between antihypertensive drugs and reduced salivary flow (hyposalivation) and the sensation of dry mouth (xerostomia). An exhaustive search of the literature was carried out, with no prior date limit until 31 August 2022, on PubMed, Google scholar and the Cochrane Library. The search terms were: saliva, xerostomia, hyposalivation OR salivary flow AND hypertension, antihypertensive drug, OR antihypertensive drugs. The overall prevalence of xerostomia in this population of hypertensive patients on pharmacological treatment was 21.1%. For the relationship between antihypertensive drugs and salivary secretion, the type of antihypertensive studied in the literature included β-adrenergic blockers, diuretics, α-adrenergic blockers, calcium channel blockers and cardiac glycosides. In some studies, the type of antihypertensive was not available. Many studies measured unstimulated salivary flow to assess hyposalivation. Three studies showed a non-significant increase in unstimulated salivary flow after treatment with β-adrenergic blockers or angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. One study found a statistically significant decrease in unstimulated salivary flow in normotensives treated with propranolol and phentolamine, which are both non-selective β-blockers. Two studies showed no significant decrease in unstimulated salivary flow after treatment with diuretics. For stimulated salivary flow, one study had no significant changes in patients treated with captopril (ACE inhibitor) and two others had a significant decrease after treatment with furosemide and bendroflumethiazide (two diuretics). A single study shows that the percentage of patients with hyposalivation was significantly higher in hypertensive patients treated with ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, β-adrenergic blockers, and diuretics. Future studies are needed and may help to understand which antihypertensive is most appropriate for patients to avoid reduced salivary flow and dry mouth.
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

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Author Information

Lecor Papa Abdou

Physiology Department, Institute of Odontology and Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odonto-Stomatology, University of Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
Kwedi Karl Grégoire

Oral Surgery Department, Institute of Odontology and Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odonto-Stomatology, University of Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
Diatta Mamadou

Oral Surgery Department, Institute of Odontology and Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odonto-Stomatology, University of Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
Dieng Seynabou

Physiology Department, Institute of Odontology and Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odonto-Stomatology, University of Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
Tamba Babacar

Oral Surgery Department, Institute of Odontology and Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odonto-Stomatology, University of Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
Dia Tine Soukéye

Oral Surgery Department, Institute of Odontology and Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine, Pharmacy and Odonto-Stomatology, University of Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal

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Lecor Papa Abdou, Kwedi Karl Grégoire, Diatta Mamadou, Dieng Seynabou, Tamba Babacar, et al. (2023). Antihypertensive Medications Inducing Salivary Gland Dysfunction and Xerostomia: A Narrative Review. Advances in Applied Physiology, 8(2), 40-46. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aap.20230802.12

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ACS Style

Lecor Papa Abdou; Kwedi Karl Grégoire; Diatta Mamadou; Dieng Seynabou; Tamba Babacar, et al. Antihypertensive Medications Inducing Salivary Gland Dysfunction and Xerostomia: A Narrative Review. Adv. Appl. Physiol. 2023, 8(2), 40-46. doi: 10.11648/j.aap.20230802.12

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AMA Style

Lecor Papa Abdou, Kwedi Karl Grégoire, Diatta Mamadou, Dieng Seynabou, Tamba Babacar, et al. Antihypertensive Medications Inducing Salivary Gland Dysfunction and Xerostomia: A Narrative Review. Adv Appl Physiol. 2023;8(2):40-46. doi: 10.11648/j.aap.20230802.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.aap.20230802.12,
  author = {Lecor Papa Abdou and Kwedi Karl Grégoire and Diatta Mamadou and Dieng Seynabou and Tamba Babacar and Dia Tine Soukéye},
  title = {Antihypertensive Medications Inducing Salivary Gland Dysfunction and Xerostomia: A Narrative Review},
  journal = {Advances in Applied Physiology},
  volume = {8},
  number = {2},
  pages = {40-46},
  doi = {10.11648/j.aap.20230802.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aap.20230802.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.aap.20230802.12},
  abstract = {The aim of this study was to review the literature on the relationship between antihypertensive drugs and reduced salivary flow (hyposalivation) and the sensation of dry mouth (xerostomia). An exhaustive search of the literature was carried out, with no prior date limit until 31 August 2022, on PubMed, Google scholar and the Cochrane Library. The search terms were: saliva, xerostomia, hyposalivation OR salivary flow AND hypertension, antihypertensive drug, OR antihypertensive drugs. The overall prevalence of xerostomia in this population of hypertensive patients on pharmacological treatment was 21.1%. For the relationship between antihypertensive drugs and salivary secretion, the type of antihypertensive studied in the literature included β-adrenergic blockers, diuretics, α-adrenergic blockers, calcium channel blockers and cardiac glycosides. In some studies, the type of antihypertensive was not available. Many studies measured unstimulated salivary flow to assess hyposalivation. Three studies showed a non-significant increase in unstimulated salivary flow after treatment with β-adrenergic blockers or angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. One study found a statistically significant decrease in unstimulated salivary flow in normotensives treated with propranolol and phentolamine, which are both non-selective β-blockers. Two studies showed no significant decrease in unstimulated salivary flow after treatment with diuretics. For stimulated salivary flow, one study had no significant changes in patients treated with captopril (ACE inhibitor) and two others had a significant decrease after treatment with furosemide and bendroflumethiazide (two diuretics). A single study shows that the percentage of patients with hyposalivation was significantly higher in hypertensive patients treated with ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, β-adrenergic blockers, and diuretics. Future studies are needed and may help to understand which antihypertensive is most appropriate for patients to avoid reduced salivary flow and dry mouth.},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Antihypertensive Medications Inducing Salivary Gland Dysfunction and Xerostomia: A Narrative Review
AU  - Lecor Papa Abdou
AU  - Kwedi Karl Grégoire
AU  - Diatta Mamadou
AU  - Dieng Seynabou
AU  - Tamba Babacar
AU  - Dia Tine Soukéye
Y1  - 2023/10/14
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aap.20230802.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.aap.20230802.12
T2  - Advances in Applied Physiology
JF  - Advances in Applied Physiology
JO  - Advances in Applied Physiology
SP  - 40
EP  - 46
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2471-9714
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.aap.20230802.12
AB  - The aim of this study was to review the literature on the relationship between antihypertensive drugs and reduced salivary flow (hyposalivation) and the sensation of dry mouth (xerostomia). An exhaustive search of the literature was carried out, with no prior date limit until 31 August 2022, on PubMed, Google scholar and the Cochrane Library. The search terms were: saliva, xerostomia, hyposalivation OR salivary flow AND hypertension, antihypertensive drug, OR antihypertensive drugs. The overall prevalence of xerostomia in this population of hypertensive patients on pharmacological treatment was 21.1%. For the relationship between antihypertensive drugs and salivary secretion, the type of antihypertensive studied in the literature included β-adrenergic blockers, diuretics, α-adrenergic blockers, calcium channel blockers and cardiac glycosides. In some studies, the type of antihypertensive was not available. Many studies measured unstimulated salivary flow to assess hyposalivation. Three studies showed a non-significant increase in unstimulated salivary flow after treatment with β-adrenergic blockers or angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. One study found a statistically significant decrease in unstimulated salivary flow in normotensives treated with propranolol and phentolamine, which are both non-selective β-blockers. Two studies showed no significant decrease in unstimulated salivary flow after treatment with diuretics. For stimulated salivary flow, one study had no significant changes in patients treated with captopril (ACE inhibitor) and two others had a significant decrease after treatment with furosemide and bendroflumethiazide (two diuretics). A single study shows that the percentage of patients with hyposalivation was significantly higher in hypertensive patients treated with ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, β-adrenergic blockers, and diuretics. Future studies are needed and may help to understand which antihypertensive is most appropriate for patients to avoid reduced salivary flow and dry mouth.
VL  - 8
IS  - 2
ER  -

Copy | Download